Texas Instruments recommends a 4-layer PCB with a thermal pad connected to an internal ground plane to minimize thermal resistance. A dedicated thermal path to the PCB's thermal mass (e.g., a copper pour) is also recommended.
The TMP411's output voltage will saturate at 0.5V when the temperature is below -40°C. To handle this, you can add a voltage clamp or a Schottky diode to limit the output voltage to a safe range for your ADC or microcontroller.
A 0.1 μF to 1 μF ceramic capacitor is recommended to filter out noise on the VCC pin. This helps to ensure accurate temperature readings and reduce the impact of power supply noise.
While the TMP411 is rated for operation up to 125°C, it can be used in high-temperature applications with some limitations. However, the accuracy and linearity of the device may degrade above 125°C. Consult the datasheet and application notes for guidance on high-temperature operation.
The TMP411 has a built-in calibration mechanism. To calibrate the device, apply a known temperature to the sensor and measure the output voltage. Then, use the calibration equation provided in the datasheet to calculate the temperature offset and gain coefficients.