The maximum clock frequency for the MSP430F2418TPN is 16 MHz, but it can be overclocked up to 20 MHz with reduced voltage and temperature range.
To use an external crystal oscillator, set the XT2OFF bit in the FLLUNLOCK register to 0, and configure the XT2 pins as inputs. Then, connect the crystal oscillator to the XT2 pins and ensure the correct load capacitors are used.
The minimum voltage required for the MSP430F2418TPN to operate is 1.8V, but it can operate down to 1.6V with reduced frequency and performance.
The built-in temperature sensor on the MSP430F2418TPN is a 10-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) that can be accessed through the ADC10 module. Configure the ADC10 module to read the temperature sensor, and use the resulting value to calculate the temperature using the formula provided in the datasheet.
No, the MSP430F2418TPN is not 5V tolerant and should only be used with a power supply between 1.8V and 3.6V. Using a 5V power supply can damage the device.