The maximum clock frequency for the MSP430F2012IN is 16 MHz, but it can be operated at frequencies up to 20 MHz with reduced voltage and temperature ranges.
To use an external crystal oscillator, connect the crystal to the XIN and XOUT pins, and configure the UCSCTL6 register to select the external crystal oscillator as the clock source. Also, ensure that the correct load capacitors are used to match the crystal's specifications.
The minimum voltage required for the MSP430F2012IN to operate is 1.8V, but it is recommended to operate at a minimum of 2.2V to ensure reliable operation.
To use the built-in UART module, configure the UCAxCTL0 register to select the UART mode, set the baud rate using the UCAxBR0 and UCAxBR1 registers, and enable the UART module using the UCAxCTL1 register. Then, use the UART transmit and receive functions to send and receive data.
No, the MSP430F2012IN is not 5V tolerant and should not be used with a 5V power supply. The maximum recommended voltage is 3.6V, and exceeding this voltage may damage the device.