The maximum input voltage that can be applied to the L78M05CDT is 35V, but it's recommended to keep it below 30V for reliable operation.
To ensure stability, a minimum output capacitance of 2.2uF is recommended, and the input capacitor should be at least 1uF. Additionally, keep the input and output capacitors close to the regulator.
The dropout voltage of the L78M05CDT is typically around 2V, which means the input voltage should be at least 7V to ensure a stable 5V output.
The L78M05CDT is rated for operation up to 125°C, but the output current should be derated above 85°C to prevent overheating. Ensure good heat sinking and consider using a heat sink if operating in high-temperature environments.
Use a TVS (Transient Voltage Suppressor) diode or a zener diode in parallel with the input capacitor to protect the regulator from voltage surges and spikes.