The maximum input voltage that can be applied to the L4978 is 40V, but it's recommended to keep it below 35V for reliable operation.
To ensure stability, make sure to use a minimum output capacitance of 10uF, and a maximum ESR of 1 ohm. Also, keep the input and output capacitors close to the regulator.
The L4978 can regulate properly with a minimum load current of 5mA, but it's recommended to have a minimum load of 10mA for optimal performance.
The L4978 is rated for operation up to 150°C, but its performance may degrade at high temperatures. It's recommended to derate the output current and voltage at high temperatures.
Use a TVS (Transient Voltage Suppressor) diode or a voltage clamp circuit to protect the L4978 from input voltage surges and transients.