The recommended crystal oscillator frequency for the DS3231M+ is 32.768 kHz, which is a standard frequency for real-time clocks.
The internal oscillator of the DS3231M+ has an accuracy of ±2 ppm (parts per million) at 25°C, which is relatively high accuracy for a real-time clock.
Yes, the DS3231M+ can operate in a wide temperature range of -40°C to +85°C, making it suitable for use in a variety of applications.
The VBAT pin is used to connect a backup battery, which allows the DS3231M+ to maintain its clock and alarm settings even when the main power supply is interrupted.
The DS3231M+ automatically accounts for leap years, so the user does not need to manually adjust the clock for leap years.